ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸย ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณย ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื

8 ืงื˜ืขื™ื ยท ืคืจืง 11 ืžืชื•ืš 281

ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜
ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”
ืจื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉื•ืจื•ืช
ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ
ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืฃ ื”ืงืจื™ืื”

ื ืฉืžืจ ืจืง ื‘ื“ืคื“ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื”.

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ืืณ

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉึถืืžึฐึผื“ึทื‘ึตึผืจ ื‘ึฐึผื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื‘ึฐึผื“ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืžึตืึดื™ืจ ืœื•ึน ื”ึทื“ึดึผื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ื‘ึฐึผื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึฐึผืงื•ึนืžื•ึนืช ืฉึถืืฆึธึผืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ืช ืชึฐึผืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉึถืื–ึผื•ึนื›ึถื” ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ืช ืชึฐึผืฉืื•ึผื‘ึทืช ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืืงึธืœ ืžึทืžึธึผืฉื. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื‘ึฐึผื›ึธืœ ืคึทึผืขึทื ื•ึผืคึทืขึทื ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื›ึธึผืœ ืชึฐึผืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ื•ึผืชึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ ืžึดืžึทึผื“ึฐืจึตื’ึธื” ืœึฐืžึทื“ึฐืจึตื’ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉึถืื™ึผื•ึนืฆึตื ืžึดืžึทึผื“ึฐืจึตื’ึธื” ืคึฐึผื—ื•ึผืชึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึธื ืœึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื‘ืณ

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉึถืื™ึดึผื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื ึดื–ึฐื”ึธืจ ื•ึฐื ึดืฉึฐืืžึธืจ ืฉึถืื™ึดึผื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื›ึฐึผื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”ึทืฉึตึผืื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึธึผืจึทืšึฐ ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืืœึตืžื•ึผืช ืฉึถืื™ึดึผื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื ึดื‘ึฐื–ึถื” ื‘ึฐึผืขึตื™ื ึธื™ื• ื ึดืžึฐืึธืก ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ื•ึน ืœึฐืึทื™ึดืŸ ื ึถื’ึถื“ ื›ึฐึผื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”ึทืฉึตึผืื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึธึผืจึทืšึฐ. ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื–ื•ึนื›ึถื” ืœึฐื“ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื”ึทืžึฐึผืึดื™ืจึดื™ื ื‘ึทึผืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืฉึถืื”ึตื ืžึฐืึดื™ืจึดื™ื ืœื•ึน ืœึดืชึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ืฉึฐืืœึตืžึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื–ื•ึนื›ึถื” ืœึธื‘ื•ึนื ืœึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืœึฐืขึปืžึฐืงึธื”ึผ

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื’ืณ

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ืึทืšึฐ ืึดื™ ืึถืคึฐืฉึธืืจ ืœึดื–ึฐื›ึผื•ึนืช ืœึฐื“ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ื”ึทืžึตึผืึดื™ืจ ื›ึธึผื–ึถื” ื›ึดึผื™ ืึดื ื›ึฐึผืฉึถืืžึฐึผืฉึทืื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืŸ ื”ึทื’ึตึผืื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื”ึทื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช. ืฉึถืืœึผื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึดืžึผื•ึผื“ื•ึน ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืื‘ึดื™ืœ ื›ึธึผื‘ื•ึนื“ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐื™ึทื”ึตืจ ื•ึผืœึฐืงึทื ึฐื˜ึตืจ ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ืื•ึน ืœึฐืงึทื‘ึตึผืœ ืจึทื‘ึธึผื ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื ึทืฉึฐื‚ืื•ึผืช. ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืชึธึผืœื•ึผื™ ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช ืงื“ึถืฉื

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื“ืณ

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ื’ึตึผืื•ึผืช ื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื” ื–ึธืจึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ื›ึฐึผืœึตื™ ื”ึทื“ึดึผื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึตึผืจ ืขึดืžึธึผื”ึถื ื“ึดึผื‘ึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื”ึทืžึฐึผืึดื™ืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ืŸ ืœึดืคึฐืชึผื—ึท ืคึถึผื”. ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉึถืื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื‘ึธึผืึธื” ืœึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ืคึดึผื™ื• ืœื ื“ึทึผื™ ืฉึถืืึตื™ืŸ ื“ึดึผื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืžึฐืึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ืœึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจื•ึน ืœึฐืžื•ึผื˜ึธื‘ ืึถืœึธึผื ืฉึถืื’ึทึผื ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืขึทืฆึฐืžึธื”ึผ ื ึดืชึฐื’ึทึผืฉึตึผืื ื•ึฐื ึดืชึฐื—ึทืฉึตึผืืšึฐ ืฉึธืื ืžึดืคึดึผื™ื• ืจึทื—ึฒืžึธื ึธื ืœึดืฆึฐืœึทืŸ

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื”ืณ

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ื’ึตึผืื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื ึดื™ืื•ึผืฃ ืชึฐึผืœื•ึผื™ึดื™ื ื–ึถื” ื‘ึธึผื–ึถื”. ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉึถืืฉึผืื•ึนืžึตืจ ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช ื ึดืฆึผื•ึนืœ ืžึดื’ึตึผืื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื–ื•ึนื›ึถื” ืœึธืื•ึนืจ ื”ึทืžึตึผืึดื™ืจ ืœื•ึน ืœึดืชึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉึถืื–ึผื•ึนื›ึถื” ืœึธื‘ื•ึนื ืœึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืœึฐืขึปืžึฐืงึธื”ึผ

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื•ืณ

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ืขึดืงึทึผืจ ืžึฐืจึดื™ืจื•ึผืช ื˜ึดืจึฐื“ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืคึทึผืจึฐื ึธืกึธื” ื•ึดื™ื’ึดื™ืขึธืชื•ึน ื”ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืคึฐึผื’ึทื ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช. ื›ึดึผื™ ืžึดื™ ืฉึถืืฉึผืื•ึนืžึตืจ ืึถืช ื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืชื•ึน ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ ืฉึถืื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนืฉึถื‚ื” [ืœ"ื˜] ืฉึฐืืœืฉึดืื™ื ื•ึฐืชึตืฉึทืืข ืžึฐืœึธืื›ื•ึนืช, ื•ึผืžึทืฉึธื‚ื ื•ึผืžึทืชึธึผืŸ ื”ึตื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ืžึทืœึฐืึฒื›ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืื›ึธึผืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึตื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ึทืช "ื˜ึทืœ ืื•ึนืจื•ึนืช" . ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึนื’ึตื ื‘ึดึผื‘ึฐืจึดื™ืชื•ึน ืขึฒื ึดื™ึผื•ึผืช ืจื•ึนื“ึถืคึถืช ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื•ึผืžึทืžึฐืฉึดืื™ืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขืœ ื”ึทืคึทึผืจึฐื ึธืกึธื” ื‘ึดึผื™ื’ึดื™ืขึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึดืžึฐืจึดื™ืจื•ึผืช ื’ึธึผื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึดึผื‘ึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช [ืœ"ื˜] ืฉึฐืืœืฉึดืื™ื ื•ึธืชึตืฉึทืืข ืžึทืœึฐืงื•ึนืช ืจึทื—ึฒืžึธื ึธื ืœึดืฆึฐืœึธืŸ

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื–ืณ

ืœืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืข ื‘ื ืคืจื“ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช ื™ึตืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืฉึฐืืชึตึผื™ ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ื•ึนืช ื™ึตืฉื ืžึดื™ ืฉึถืื–ึดึผื•ึผื•ึผื’ื•ึน ื‘ึดึผื™ืžึตื™ ื”ึทื—ึนืœ ื•ึฐืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ืฉืื•ึนืžึตืจ ืึถืช ื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืชื•ึน ืขึทืœ ืคึดึผื™ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืฉึถืื–ึดึผื•ึผื•ึผื’ื•ึน ื‘ึฐึผื”ึถืชึตึผืจ ื•ึฐื’ึทื ื–ึถื” ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช, ื•ึผื‘ึดืœึฐื‘ึทื“ ืฉึถืื™ึดึผืฉึฐืืžืจ ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืžึตืขึฒื‘ึตืจึธื” ืจึทื—ึฒืžึธื ึธื ืœึดืฆึฐืœึธืŸ. ื•ึผืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ื ืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึธื” ื’ึฐึผื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืœึดืฉึฐืืžืจ ืึถืช ื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืชึธื ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ื™ึดื—ื•ึผื“ึธื ืชึทึผืชึธึผืึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื–ื•ึนื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื”ึทืฉึดื‚ื™ื’ ื”ึฒืœึธื›ึธื” ืฉึถืื‘ึทึผืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืจึธื–ึดื™ืŸ. ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื™ึตืฉื ืžึดื™ ืฉึถืื–ึดึผื•ึผื•ึผื’ื•ึน ืจึทืง ืžึดืฉึทึผืื‘ึธึผืช ืœึฐืฉึทืื‘ึธึผืช ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ื™ึดื—ื•ึผื“ึธื ืขึดืœึธึผืึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืžึทืฉึดื‚ื™ื’ ื’ึทึผื ืงึทื‘ึธึผืœึธื” ืจึธื–ึดื™ืŸ ื“ึฐึผืจึธื–ึดื™ืŸ. ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื’ึทึผื ืžึดื™ ืฉึถืื–ึดึผื•ึผื•ึผื’ื•ึน ืจึทืง ืžึดืฉึทึผืื‘ึธึผืช ืœึฐืฉึทืื‘ึธึผืช ื’ึทึผื ื”ื•ึผื ืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึธื” ื’ึฐึผื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืฉึถืื™ึดึผื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื–ึดื•ึผื•ึผื’ื•ึน ื‘ึดึผืงึฐื“ึปืฉึธึผืื” ื•ึฐื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื ึดื›ึฐืœึธืœ ื‘ึดึผื›ึฐืœึทืœ ืฉืื•ึนืžึฐืจึตื™ ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช. ืžึดื›ึธึผืœ ืฉึถืื›ึตึผืŸ ื”ึทืงึฐึผื˜ึทื ึดึผื™ื ืฉึถืื–ึดึผื•ึผื•ึผื’ึธื ื’ึทึผื ื‘ึดึผื™ืžึตื™ ื”ึทื—ึนืœ ืฉึถืื‘ึฐึผื•ึทื“ึทึผืื™ ื”ึตื ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ื ืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึธื” ื™ึฐืชึตืจึธื” ื‘ึฐึผื™ื•ึนืชึตืจ ืฉึถืืœึผื ื™ึดืคึฐื’ึฐึผืžื•ึผ ื‘ึดึผื‘ึฐืจึดื™ืชึธื ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื›ึธึผืœ ืคึธึผื ึดื™ื ืฉึถืืœึผื ื™ึทืขึทื‘ึฐืจื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉึธืืœื•ึนื. ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉึฐืืžึดื™ืจึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผืจึดื™ืช ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืืชึตึผื™ ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ื•ึนืช ืึตืœึผื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื›ึฐึผื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”ึทืฉึตึผืื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึธึผืจึทืšึฐ ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืืœึตืžื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื–ื•ึนื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทื ึทึผ"ืœ ืขึทื“ ืฉึถืื–ึผื•ึนื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึธื‘ื•ึนื ืœึดืชึฐื‘ื•ึผื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืœึฐืขึปืžึฐืงึธื”ึผ

ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ื—ืœืง ืืณ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื ยท ืื•ืช ื—ืณ

ืœืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืข ื‘ื ืคืจื“ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืšืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืคืชื— ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
ื™ึตืฉื ืขึฒื ึธื•ึธื•ื” ืฉึถืื”ึดื™ื ืชึทึผื›ึฐืœึดื™ืช ื”ึทื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช ื“ึฐึผื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืฉึถืื”ื•ึผื ืขึธื ึธื• ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ืฉึถืื”ื•ึผื ื™ื•ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฉึถืื”ึทื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช ืžึฐื‘ึปื–ึธึผื” ืžึฐืื“, ืขึทืœ ื›ึตึผืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ืขึธื ึธื• ื›ึฐึผื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐื™ึทืงึตึผืจ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐื›ึทึผื‘ึตึผื“, ื ึดืžึฐืฆึธื ืฉึถืื”ื•ึผื ืขึธื ึธื• ื‘ึดึผืฉึฐืื‘ึดื™ืœ ื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื›ึธื‘ื•ึนื“. ืขึทืœ ื›ึตึผืŸ ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื”ึทืฉึฐื‚ื›ึดึผื™ืœ ืขึทืœ ื“ึฐึผืจึธื›ึธื™ื• ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืจึทื—ึตืง ืžึดื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช ื‘ึฐึผืชึทื›ึฐืœึดื™ืช ืขึทื“ ืงึธืฆึถื” ื”ึธืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื›ึฐึผืžึทืึฒืžึทืจ ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื–ึดื›ึฐืจื•ึนื ึธื ืœึดื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ืžึฐืื“ ืžึฐืื“ ื”ึฑื•ึตื™ ืฉึฐืืคึทืœ ืจื•ึผื—ึท. ื›ึดึผื™ ื”ึทื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช ื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ืฉึถืื‘ึทืข ื‘ึธึผืชึตึผื™ ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื” ื–ึธืจึธื” ืฉึถืืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื’ึธึผืœื•ึผ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืžึตืึทืจึฐืฆึธื. ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ ืœื ื—ึธื–ึทืจึฐื ื•ึผ ืœึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ื•ึผ ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ืฉึถืืจื•ึนื“ึฐืคึดื™ื ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทื›ึธึผื‘ื•ึนื“ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื”ึทื’ึทึผื“ึฐืœื•ึผืช ืจึทื—ึฒืžึธื ึธื ืœึดืฆึฐืœึธืŸ
ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ.
ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ

ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜, ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ื—ืœืง ื (286 ื“ืคื™ ืชื•ืจื”), ื”ื•ืจื“ 2026-09-29 ยท ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืœื ืื•ืžืช

ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื”: ื ื—ืœืช ื”ื›ืœืœ ยท ื”ื”ืงืœื“ื” ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช: ืืชืจ ืดื‘ืจืกืœื‘ืด (breslev.eip.co.il), ืžื–ื•ื”ื”, ื“ืจืš ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜ ยท ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืงืœื“ื”: ืœืคื™ ืืชืจ ื”ื”ืงืœื“ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช (ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ) ยท ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืืชืจ ื”ื–ื”: ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื”; ื˜ืจื ื ืฉืœื—ื” ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื‘ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืคื™ืจื•ื˜

ืœืคื™ ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜, ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜: ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช (ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ืดืืžื•ื ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ืืด); ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืฃ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜: ืืชืจ ืดื‘ืจืกืœื‘ืด (breslev.eip.co.il). ืœืคื™ ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜, ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ ื”ื•ืขืชืง ืœืฉื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจื, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืžื•ื“. ื“ืจืš ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜, ื’ืจืกื” 1405491 ยท ืชื•ืจืžื™ ื•ื™ืงื™ื˜ืงืกื˜, CC BY-SA 3.0 ยท ืฉื•ื ื”: ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืงื˜ืขื™ื, ื”ืกืจืช ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ื•ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื.

ืงืจื“ื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช

ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“

ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืžืœืื”: ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจืดืŸ ยท ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืดื.

ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืงืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื